One of the most common problems, albeit one that is well discussed among gecko enthusiasts, is that of impaction. Impaction occurs when a gecko eats the substrate it lives on, and over times builds up causing major internal problems. The substrate is often ingested when eating. They will sometimes miss when hunting, and will then eat the substrate.
Symptoms Include:
- Obvious bloating of the abdominal region (often with bruising)
- Regurgitation
- Loss of appetite
- Unusual stools (if any)
- Constipation
- Breathing troubles
- Leg trembles
- Paralysis.
- Sneezing
- unusual aggressiveness
Reasons for the geckos eating their substrate are not proven, but there is evidence to suggest that the geckos feel a need to 'top-up' their mineral levels, and in their natural surroundings would be able to do this through eating sand (natural sand, thus digestible). There is no foolproof cure for impaction in geckos, and the problem is that when impaction is discovered; in most cases it is too late to do anything about it.
An easy way to solve this problem is prevention. Knowing a herpetology vet and having regular checkups is a simple(although expensive) way of making sure the gecko is in good health. This not only prevents impaction but keeps checks on weight and growth.
An easier way to solve the problem revolves around prevention as well. Do not use loose substrate for a leopard gecko, this will cut the risk of impaction to 0%. Instead use what most dedicated owners use, which is either paper towel or tiles. The tile mimics the hard packed clay of the natural gecko environment. Substrates not to use are sand and crushed walnut. There is also a commercial "cage carpet" that makes a good substrate.